Evidence Act 2006

Trial process - Alternative ways of giving evidence - Giving of evidence by sexual case complainants or propensity witnesses

106D: Giving of evidence by sexual case complainants or propensity witnesses

You could also call this:

"How victims or witnesses of sexual crimes can give evidence in court in a way that feels safe for them"

Illustration for Evidence Act 2006

If you are a victim of a sexual crime or a witness in a sexual case, you can give evidence in different ways. You can give evidence by a video recording made before the trial, or while you are in the courtroom but cannot see the person who is accused. You can also give evidence from a different room or even from another place in New Zealand or overseas.

When you give evidence, the judge, jury, and lawyers must be able to see and hear you, using technology like video links, as set out in regulations made under section 201. The accused person must also be able to see and hear you, unless the judge says otherwise. You can give some of your evidence in one way and the rest in another way.

If you are going to be a witness, the prosecutor must tell the court and the other parties how you will give your evidence. This notice must say how you will give your evidence, and if you will give any of it by video recording before the trial. However, if you are a child and you want to give evidence in the ordinary way, as described in section 83, you can do so if the prosecutor asks the judge for permission under section 106E.

The prosecutor must give the notice as early as possible, or at least by the time the case management memorandum or trial callover memorandum is filed under the Criminal Procedure Act 2011. If the prosecutor has already given notice but something changes, they can file a new notice, but they must do it as soon as possible.

In this law, "cross-examination evidence" means the evidence you give when you are being questioned by the other side, and any other evidence you give after that. This includes evidence you give after you have already given your main evidence, as described in section 106, and evidence you give to answer questions about what you said when you were being questioned. This law is also subject to other laws, including sections 106E to 106I and sections 106G to 106IA.

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View the original legislation for this page at https://legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1986/0120/latest/link.aspx?id=LMS805380.


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106C: Sections 106D to 106J apply to sexual case complainants or propensity witnesses, or

"Special rules for young people in sexual cases"


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106E: Application by prosecutor for sexual case complainant or propensity witness who is child to give evidence in ordinary way, or

"A child witness in a sexual case can ask to tell their story in court in the usual way."

Part 3Trial process
Alternative ways of giving evidence: Giving of evidence by sexual case complainants or propensity witnesses

106DGiving of evidence by sexual case complainants or propensity witnesses

  1. A sexual case complainant or propensity witness is entitled to give evidence in 1 or more alternative ways so that—

  2. the complainant or witness gives evidence in 1 or more of the following ways:
    1. by a video record made before the trial:
      1. while in the courtroom but unable to see the defendant or some other specified person:
        1. from an appropriate place outside the courtroom, either in New Zealand or elsewhere:
        2. by use of any appropriate practical and technical means the Judge, the jury (if any), and any lawyers can see and hear the complainant or witness giving evidence, in accordance with any regulations made under section 201:
          1. the defendant can see and hear the complainant or witness, unless the Judge directs otherwise.
            1. A sexual case complainant or propensity witness who gives evidence of any kind in one way is entitled to give the other parts of their evidence, including any further evidence in chief, in 1 or more other ways.

            2. A prosecutor intending to call a sexual case complainant or propensity witness must provide every other party and the court with a written notice stating—

            3. the 1 or more ways in which the complainant or witness will give their evidence (which may, unless the complainant or witness is a child, be or include the ordinary way); and
              1. if the complainant’s or witness’s cross-examination evidence (as defined in subsection (7)) is to be given by a video record made before the trial, any 1 or more other alternative ways in which their evidence is to be given during the recording.
                1. However, no notice is required under subsection (3) if—

                2. the complainant or witness is a child who indicates their wish to give evidence or any part of their evidence in the ordinary way under section 83; and
                  1. the prosecutor applies under section 106E to a Judge for a direction that the complainant or witness be permitted to do so.
                    1. Unless a Judge permits otherwise, the notice required under subsection (3) must be given,—

                    2. if the notice states that the complainant or witness will give all or any of their cross-examination evidence (as defined in subsection (7)) by a video record made before the trial, as early as practicable; and
                      1. in every case, no later than when a case management memorandum (for a Judge-alone trial) or a trial callover memorandum (for a jury trial) is filed under the Criminal Procedure Act 2011.
                        1. If a prosecutor has given notice under subsection (3) and it is no longer possible or desirable for the complainant or witness to give evidence by the means stated in the notice, the prosecutor may file an amended notice but must do so as early as practicable.

                        2. In this section and sections 106G to 106IA, cross-examination evidence, for a complainant or witness, includes the following evidence (if any) that they give with their evidence given in cross-examination:

                        3. evidence in chief given by them further to their evidence recorded and offered under section 106:
                          1. evidence in re-examination given by them about matters arising out of their evidence given in cross-examination.
                            1. This section is subject to sections 106E to 106I.

                            Notes
                            • Section 106D: inserted, on , by section 16 of the Sexual Violence Legislation Act 2021 (2021 No 60).