Sentencing Act 2002

Sentencing purposes and principles, and provisions of general application - Sentencing procedure

30: No sentence of imprisonment to be imposed without opportunity for legal representation

You could also call this:

"You have the right to a lawyer before you can be sent to prison."

Illustration for Sentencing Act 2002

If you are in court and might be sent to prison, you have the right to a lawyer. The court cannot send you to prison if you did not have a lawyer when you needed one, unless certain conditions are met. You must have been told about your right to a lawyer and how to get one, including the right to apply for legal aid under the Legal Services Act 2011.

If the court thinks you understood your rights and had the chance to get a lawyer, but you chose not to, then the court can send you to prison. The court must be sure you knew what you were doing when you decided not to get a lawyer. If you appeal your sentence and the court finds out you were sent to prison unfairly, they will change your sentence to a fair one or start your trial again.

If you did not apply for legal aid or a lawyer, or if you tried but were not successful, the court might think you chose not to have a lawyer. You can appeal your sentence if you think the court made a mistake by sending you to prison without a lawyer. The court will then decide what to do next, like changing your sentence or starting your trial again, to make sure justice is served.

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View the original legislation for this page at https://legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1986/0120/latest/link.aspx?id=DLM135591.


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Part 1Sentencing purposes and principles, and provisions of general application
Sentencing procedure

30No sentence of imprisonment to be imposed without opportunity for legal representation

  1. No court may impose a sentence of imprisonment on an offender who has not been legally represented at the stage of the proceedings at which the offender was at risk of conviction, except as provided in subsection (2).

  2. Subsection (1) does not apply if the court is satisfied that the offender—

  3. was informed of his or her rights relating to legal representation, including, where appropriate, the right to apply for legal aid under the Legal Services Act 2011; and
    1. fully understood those rights; and
      1. had the opportunity to exercise those rights; and
        1. refused or failed to exercise those rights, or engaged counsel but subsequently dismissed him or her.
          1. If, on any appeal against sentence, a court finds that a sentence was imposed in contravention of subsection (1), the court must either—

          2. quash the sentence imposed and impose in substitution for it any other lawful sentence that the court thinks ought to have been imposed; or
            1. quash the conviction and direct a new trial, or make any other order that justice requires.
              1. For the purposes of this section, an offender refuses or fails to exercise his or her rights relating to legal representation if the offender—

              2. refuses or fails to apply for legal aid under the Legal Services Act 2011 or applies for it unsuccessfully; and
                1. refuses or fails to engage counsel by other means.
                  Compare
                  Notes
                  • Section 30(2)(a): amended, on , by section 95(1) of the Statutes Amendment Act 2016 (2016 No 104).
                  • Section 30(3)(b): amended, on , by section 7 of the Sentencing Amendment Act (No 2) 2011 (2011 No 93).
                  • Section 30(4)(a): amended, on , by section 95(2) of the Statutes Amendment Act 2016 (2016 No 104).